A number of free living bacteria give significant biochemical products essential for human consumption. In fact they are master chemist causing remarkable transformation.In the industrial field they play important role resulting in several essential products are the industrial products produced by bacteria.
1. Production of alcohol and organic acid:-
Fermentation is the anaerobic decomposition of sugars, starches and other carbohydrates by enzyme action of micro-organisms.The power of micro- organisms to bring about fermentation is of great industrial importance ,especially, in the production of alcohol and several organic acids.
Alcohol is produced due to fermentation of sugar by yeast or sachromyces cerceisiae bacterium.
C6H12O6→2C2H5OH +2CO2
2.Production of Acetic acid:-
Acetobactor acetii bacterium on fermentation of alcohol produces acetic acid (vinegar)
2C2H5OH +2O2→ 2CH3COOH +2H2
3. Production of Lactic acid:-
Lactic acid is obtained by the fermentation of sugars from Lactic bacilli
bacterium.
Sugar→Lactic acid
4.Production of Butaric acid:-
Clostridium butyrium bacterium produces Butaric acid after the fermentation.
5. Production of Amino acids:-
A number of Amino acids, which are essential for human consumption are obtained by the activity of several bacteria. Valine,Lysine, Threonine, Tryptophan,Alanine, Phenyl Alanine, Tyrosine, Proline and other amino acids are produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megatherium, B.Coagulans, and Micrococcus bacteria.
6.Production of Acetone and Butanol:-
Bacillus macerance and Clostridium butalicum are the bacteria which produce Acetone and Butanol respectively.
7.Milk products:-
several products of milk like curd ,butter, cheese are obtained from the process of fermentation by several bacteria.
(b) Cheese is obtained by the fermentation of milk by lactobacillus bacterium .
(c) Butter is also obtained by the activity of bacteria by fermentation.
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